Ruslan A. Kardashyan , Alexander A. Efremov
Abstract
One of the most common neurological symptoms is cognitive impairment. Cognitive disorders occur especially often in old age. An analysis of cognitive functions in 58 elderly patients with alcohol dependence formed in middle and old age and complicated by secondary organic mental disorders is presented. The identified neurological signs indicate the absence of severe brain lesions. Data are presented showing that the level of alcohol anosognosia for its individual components, as well as the overall score of cognitive function indicators in elderly patients with alcohol dependence, formed in middle and old age and complicated by secondary organic mental disorders, differs.
Keywords: cognitive disorders, anosognosia, organic mental disorders, prevention, alcoholism.
Keywords: cognitive disorders, anosognosia, organic mental disorders, prevention, alcoholism.
About the Author
Ruslan A. Kardashyan 1 , Alexander A. Efremov 21 Patrice Lumumba Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
2 Central State Medical Academy of the Office of the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
References
1. Юрасова Е.Ю., Кирюхина С.В., Подсеваткин В.Г. Особенности клинического течения и проблемы систематизации психопатологических синдромов при органических психических расстройствах. Международный научно-исследовательский журнал. 2019;10-1(88):114-9. DOI: 10.23670/IRJ.2019.88.10.022
Yurasova E.Yu., Kiryukhina S.V., Podsevatkin V.G. Features of the clinical course and problems of systematization of psychopathological syndromes in organic mental disorders. International Research Journal. 2019;10-1(88):114-9. DOI: 10.23670/IRJ.2019.88.10.022 (in Russian).
2. Кардашян Р.А., Пронин В.Ю., Медведев В.Е. Органические психические расстройства у лиц пожилого возраста, сопутствующие с алкоголизмом. Журнал неврологии и психиатрии им. С.С. Корсакова. 2023;123(12):27-33. DOI: 10.17116/jnevro202312312127. PMID: 38147379.
Organic mental disorders in the elderly, comorbid with alcoholism. Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry. 2023;123(12):27-33. DOI: 10.17116/jnevro202312312127. PMID: 38147379 (in Russian).
3. Шмакова О.П., Мазаева Н.А. Органические психические расстройства детско-подросткового возраста: результаты длительного наблюдения. Журнал неврологии и психиатрии им. С.С. Корсакова. 2018;118(1):4-12. DOI: 10.17116/jnevro2018118114-12
Shmakova O.P., Mazaeva N.A. Social adaptation of patients with organic mental disorders in childhood: the results of the long-term study. Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry. 2018;118(1):4-12. DOI: 10.17116/jnevro2018118114-12 (in Russian).
4. Dervaux A, Laqueille X. Comorbidités psychiatriques de l’alcoolodépendance [Psychiatric comorbidities of Alcohol dependence]. Presse Med 2018;47(6):575-85. DOI: 10.1016/j.lpm.2018.01.005
5. Boyd J, Sexton O, Angus C et al. Addiction. Causal mechanisms proposed for the alcohol harm paradox-a systematic review. Addiction 2022;117(1):33-56. DOI: 10.1111/add.15567
6. Palijan TZ, Muzinić L, Radeljak S. Addictive and other mental disorders: a call for a standardized definition of dual disorders. Association on Dual Disorders (WADD). Psychiatry 2022;12(1):446. DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-02212-5. PMID: 36229453; PMCID: PMC9562408.
7. Torales J, Castaldelli-Maia JM, da Silva AG et al. Dual diagnosis discourse in Victoria Australia: the responsiveness of mental health services. Curr Drug Res Rev 2019;11(1):40-3. DOI: 10.2174/ 2589977511666181128165358
8. Torrens M, Adan A. Recent Advances in Dual Disorders (Addiction and Other Mental Disorders). J Clin Med 2023;12(9):3315. DOI: 10.3390/jcm12093315
9. Bakken K, Landheim AS, Vaglum P et al. Primary and secondary substance misusers: do they differ in substance-induced and substance-independent mental disorders? Curr Drug Res Rev 2019;11(1):40-3. DOI: 10.2174/2589977511666181128165358
10. Maximiano-Barreto MA, Fabrício DM, de Moura AB et al. Relationship of burden with depressive symptoms, mentaldisorders and older adults' functional dependence: A study with paid and unpaid caregivers in Brazil. Health Soc Care Community 2022;30(5):e1785-e1793. DOI: 10.1111/hsc.13607
11. Рыбакова К.В. Алгоритм диагностики коморбидных психических расстройств при алкогольной зависимости. Вопросы наркологии. 2018;1(161):18-28.
Rybakova K.V. Algorithm of diagnosis of comorbid mental disorders in alcohol dependence. Questions of Narcology. 2018;1(161):18-28 (in Russian).
12. Гатин Ф.Ф., Волгина Ф.М. Влияние медико-социальных факторов на формирование органических психических расстройств. Современные проблемы науки и образования. 2014;(6).
Gatin F.F., Volgina F.M. The influence of medical and social factors on the formation of organic mental disorders. Modern problems of science and education. 2014;(6) (in Russian).
13. Горошко Н.В., Емельянова Е.К. Социально-демографические процессы современной России как индикатор рынка гериатрических услуг и социальной поддержки граждан пожилого возраста. Вестник Пермского университета. 2019;(2):241-58.
Goroshko N.V., Emelyanova E.K. Socio-demographic processes of modern Russia as an indicator of the market of geriatric services and social support for elderly citizens. Bulletin of Perm University. 2019;(2):241-58 (in Russian).
14. Ping Yang, Rui Tao, Chengsen He et al. [The Risk Factors of the Alcohol Use Disorders – Through Review of Its Comorbidities. Front Neurosci 2018. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29867316/
15. Krishnamoorthy Y, Rajaa S, Rehman T. Diagnostic accuracy of various forms of geriatric depression scale for screening of depression among older adults: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2020;87(104002). DOI: 10.1016/J.ARCHGER.2019.104002
16. Wu Y, Tao Z, Qiao Y et al. Prevalence and characteristics of somatic symptom disorder in the elderly in a community-based population: a large-scale cross-sectional study in China. BMC Psychiatry. 2022;22(257). DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-03907-1
17. Захаров В.В., Гринюк В.В., Межмиддинова С.К., Слепцова К.Б. Коморбидность депрессии и хронического болевого синдрома в пожилом возрасте. Эффективная фармакотерапия. 2021;17(6):14-20. DOI: 10.33978/2307-3586-2021-17-6-14-20
Zakharov V.V., Grinyuk V.V., Mezhmiddinova S.K., Sleptsova K.B. Comorbidity of depression and chronic pain syndrome in old age. Effective Pharmacotherapy. 2021;17(6):14-20. DOI: 10.33978/2307-3586-2021-17-6-14-20 (in Russian).
18. Katikireddi SV, Whitley E, Lewsey J et al. Socioeconomic status as an effect modifier of alcohol consumption and harm: analysis of linked cohort data. Lancet Public Health 2017;2(6):e267-276. DOI: 10.1016/S2468-2667(17)30078-6
19. García-Esquinas E, Ortolá R, Galán I et al. Moderate alcohol drinking is not associated with risk of depression in older adults. Sci Rep 2018;8(1):11512. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29985-4
20. Keyes KM, Allel K, Staudinger UM et al. Alcohol consumption predicts incidence of depressive episodes across 10 years among older adults in 19 countries. Int Rev Neurobiol 2019;(148):1-38. DOI: 10.1016/ bs.irn.2019.09.001
21. Корнилова М.В. Пожилые люди в современном мире: новые вызовы и возможности адаптации (по материалам конференции молодых ученых в ИС ФНИСЦ РАН). Научная жизнь. 2022;5(4):195-206. DOI: 10.14258/SSI(2022)4-12
Kornilova M.V. Elderly People in the Modern World: New Challenges and Opportunities for Adaptation (Based on the Materials of the Conference of Young Scientists at the IS FCTAS RAS). Scientific Life. 2022;5(4):195-206. DOI: 10.14258/SSI(2022)4-12 (in Russian).
22. Старшее поколение современной России. Под общ. ред. З.Х. Саралиевой. Н. Новгород: Нижегородский госуниверситет им. Н.И. Лобачевского, 2021.
The older generation of modern Russia. Edited by Z.H. Saralieva. N. Novgorod: Lobachevsky Nizhny Novgorod State University, 2021 (in Russian).
23. Харитонова Н.Е. О проблемах пожилого человека. Социальное руководство. 2018. Режим доступа: https://www.svoboda.org/a/ 127014.html (дата обращения: 16.03.2018).
Kharitonova N.E. On the problems of the elderly. Social leadership. 2018. Available at: https://www.svoboda.org/a/127014.html (accessed: 16.03.2018) (in Russian).
24. Zhyvotovska LV. The analysis of the pathogenetic factors for the psychosocial maladaptation formation in patients with alcohol dependence. Wiad Lek 2018;71(6):1186-92. PMID: 30267498.
25. Понизовский П.А. Соматическая анозогнозия у больных алкогольной зависимостью. Социальная и клиническая психиатрия. 2006;(4). Режим доступа: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/somaticheskaya-anozognoziya-u-bolnyh-alkogolnoy-zavisimostyu (дата обращения: 25.05.2023)
Ponizovsky P.A. Somatic anosognosia in patients with alcohol dependence. Social and Clinical Psychiatry. 2006;(4). Available at: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/somaticheskaya-anozognoziya-u-bolnyh-alkogolnoy-zavisimostyu (accessed: 25.05.2023) (in Russian).
26. Рыбакова Ю.В. Методика оценки анозогнозии у больных алкогольной зависимостью. Профилактическая и клиническая медицина. 2011;1(39):262-3.
Rybakova Yu.V. Methodology for assessing anosognosia in patients with alcohol dependence. Preventive and Clinical Medicine. 2011;1(39):262-3 (in Russian).
27. Словенко Е.Д., Яремченко П.И., Хохлов Н.А. Нормативные характеристики выполнения методики «заучивание 10 слов» и способы выявления установочного поведения при исследовании памяти. Вестник по педагогике и психологии Южной Сибири. 2020;(3):
52-85.
Slovenko E.D., Yaremchenko P.I., Khokhlov N.A. Normative characteristics of the implementation of the technique "memorizing 10 words" and ways to identify the installation behavior in the study of memory. Bulletin of Pedagogy and Psychology of Southern Siberia. 2020;(3):52-85 (in Russian).
28. Folstein MF, Folstein SE, McHugh PR. "Mini-mental status". A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician.
J Psychiatric Res 1975;12(3):189-98. DOI: 10.1016/0022-3956(75) 90026-6. PMID 1202204.
29. Savage RD. Wechsler's Measurement and Appraisal of Adult Intelligence, 5th ed. Br J Industrial Med Rev 1974;31(2):169.
30. Vyhnálek M, Rubínová E, Markova H et al. Clock drawing test in screening for Alzheimer's dementia and mild cognitive impairment in clinical practice. Psychology. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2017;32(9):
933-9. DOI: 10.1002/gps.4549
31. Бондарева И.Б., Сергиенко В.И. Математическая статистика в клинических исследованиях: практическое руководство. М.: ГЭОТАР-Медиа, 2006.
Bondareva I.B., Sergienko V.I. Mathematical statistics in clinical research: a practical guide. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media, 2006 (in Russian).
For citation:Kardashian R.A., Efremov A.A. Cognitive status in elderly people with alcohol dependence formed in middle and old age and complicated by secondary organic mental disorders. Clinical review for general practice. 2024; 5 (8): 20–26 (In Russ.). DOI: 10.47407/kr2024.5.8.00455
All accepted articles publish licensed under a Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) which allows users to read, copy, distribute and make derivative works for non-commercial purposes from the material, as long as the author of the original work is cited properly.