Dmitry I. Trukhan
Abstract
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are the most effective drugs for the treatment of acid-related diseases. For a long time, PPIs were considered completely safe drugs for both short-term and long-term use. However, modern clinical guidelines note that when prescribing PPIs in large doses for a long period, the possibility of side effects should be taken into account. In a clinical context, a reasonable definition of long-term PPI use would be PPI use for more than 8 weeks in patients with symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease and more than 4 weeks in patients with peptic ulcers or functional dyspepsia. There are no reviews in the domestic literature on the safety of PPIs during long-term use. In this regard, a search was conducted in the PubMed and Scopus information databases for publications on the safety of PPI use, including sources up to November 15, 2023, which showed that long-term use of PPIs is associated with the possible development of numerous side effects. The first publication examined the possible side effects of long-term use of PPIs: the development of infections, an increased risk of fractures and kidney pathology. This review examines the most possible side effects associated with long-term PPI therapy: the development of cancer and electrolyte disturbances. If there are indications for long-term use of PPIs in accordance with clinical guidelines (Barrett's esophagus, erosive esophagitis C/D and a number of others), oncological vigilance should be exercised and monitoring aimed at identifying electrolyte disturbances should be carried out.
Keywords: proton pump inhibitors, drug safety, possible side effects, stomach cancer, pancreatic cancer, colorectal cancer, liver cancer, hypomagnesemia, hyponatremia, hypocalcemia, hypokalemia, anemia.
Keywords: proton pump inhibitors, drug safety, possible side effects, stomach cancer, pancreatic cancer, colorectal cancer, liver cancer, hypomagnesemia, hyponatremia, hypocalcemia, hypokalemia, anemia.
About the Author
Dmitry I. Trukhan 11 Omsk State Medical University, Omsk, Russia
References
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For citation:Trukhan D.I. Drug safety: focus on long-term therapy with proton pump inhibitors. Possible side effects. Clinical analysis in general medicine. 2024; 5 (2): 106–112 (In Russ.). DOI: 10.47407/kr2023.5.2.00397
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