Clinical review for general practice

Men's health is the physical, mental, and social well-being of men, including reproductive health, sexual function, and overall health. The prostate gland is an important organ for men's health, playing a role in the functioning of the male reproductive system. Periodontal diseases (gingivitis, periodontosis, periodontitis) are among the most common human ailments. At the beginning of the 21st century, the concept of "periodontal medicine" emerged, examining the relationship between periodontal pathology and other diseases. In the first part of the review, we searched the PubMed database for articles published before December 15, 2025, that examined the relationship between prostate disease and periodontal disease. Most studies showed a significant association between periodontal pathology and prostate cancer, with a higher risk observed in patients with periodontitis. A smaller number of studies also observed an association with benign prostatic hyperplasia and chronic prostatitis. Prostate diseases are often accompanied by erectile dysfunction. In the second part of the review, we searched the PubMed database for articles published before December 15, 2025, that examined the relationship between erectile dysfunction and periodontal disease. Erectile dysfunction and periodontal disease share common risk factors, and their development is often accompanied by antioxidant deficiency. Data from experimental and clinical studies indicate a link between erectile dysfunction and periodontal disease. Increasing awareness of oral health and integrating dental care into urological strategies may offer a promising avenue for the prevention and adjuvant treatment of prostate diseases and erectile dysfunction.