Abstract
Introduction. Acute polyneuropathies are a group of acquired, usually immune-mediated or infectious diseases that cause dysfunction and sometimes degeneration of peripheral nerves, sensory and motor nerve roots of the spinal cord, and sometimes cranial nerves. The most common and most described of these conditions is Guillain–Barre syndrome, but in clinical practice, doctors have to deal with other acute polyneuropathies, including conditions in which polyneuropathies are not independent diseases, but complications of other conditions, and their cause is often located outside the nervous system.
Purpose of work. Proposes is a diagnostic algorithm and emphasize to the practicing physician the importance of proper history taking, which simplifies clinical diagnosis to establish the correct diagnosis in a patient with acute polyneuropathies. Highlighting rare, exotic etiological factors and variants of acute polyneuropathies that can complement the differential diagnostic spectrum of the diseases manifesting as acute polyneuropathies.
Conclusion. Differential diagnosis, when a patient develops a clinical picture of acute polyneuropathy, requires appropriate clinical erudition from the doctor, close cooperation with doctors of other specialties, decisive actions aimed at establishing the correct diagnosis as soon as possible, since this requires the severity and dynamics of development often irreversible disorders of the nervous system, and only identifying the cause of polyneuropathy opens the way for specific, and therefore, and the most effective therapy.
Keywords: acute polyneuropathy, differential diagnosis, Guillen-Barre syndrome, Miller–Fisher syndrome.
For citation:Shapovalov K.A. The problem of differential diagnosis of acute polyneuropathy. Clinical review for general practice. 2026; 7 (3): 38–42 (In Russ.). DOI: 10.47407/kr2026.7.3.00791
All accepted articles publish licensed under a Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) which allows users to read, copy, distribute and make derivative works for non-commercial purposes from the material, as long as the author of the original work is cited properly.
