Abstract
Background. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant complication in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), contributing to increased morbidity and mortality. The purpose of the study was to analyse the prevalence and complications of chronic kidney disease in patients with Type II diabetes mellitus in tertiary hospital.
Methods. A prospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital over six months (January – June 2024). One hundred adult patients with T2DM and CKD, defined according to KDIGO 2012 guidelines, were included. Demographic, clinical, and biochemical data were collected, including serum creatinine, blood urea, and albuminuria. Descriptive and comparative statistical analyses were performed.
Results. Among the study population, 58% were male and 42% female, with the majority aged 60–69 years (34%). Elevated serum creatinine (74%) and blood urea (68%) were observed, indicating significant renal impairment. Macroalbuminuria (MAA) was the predominant category of albuminuria, particularly in older patients and non-smokers. The most frequent comorbidities included hyperlipidaemia (84%), anaemia (71%), vision impairment (58%), hypertension (48%), thyroid disorders (44%), acid peptic disease (38%), and urinary tract infections (34%). Lifestyle factors such as smoking and alcohol consumption were significantly correlated with albuminuria categories.
Conclusion. The study highlights a high prevalence of CKD and its complications among patients with T2DM, particularly in older males. Regular monitoring of renal function and early detection of albuminuria are critical for preventing progression. Targeted interventions addressing comorbidities and lifestyle factors may improve long-term outcomes in this high-risk population.
Keywords: chronic kidney disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, macroalbuminuria, serum creatinine, blood urea, complications.
For citation:Kothai Ramalingam, Sitaraman Ranganathan Rangabasyam, Madhumithan Rajaselvam, Mariya Susan Sabu, Mathiha Arikichenane, Arul Balasubramanian, Arbind Kumar Choudhary. An observational study on the prevalence and complications of chronic kidney disease in patients with diabetes mellitus. Clinical review for general practice. 2026; 7 (6): 29–33. DOI: 10.47407/kr2026.7.6.00859
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